家鸡住肉孢子虫调查及实验感染研究

STUDIDS ON THE PREVALENCE AND CXPERINENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SARCOCYSTIS SP,IN CHICKENS

作者于１９８９年３月到１９９０年３月对昆明市２８４只家鸡进行了住肉孢子虫流行病学调查，在６只家鸡中检到了住肉孢子虫包囊，自然感染率为２．１％。包囊呈梭形，大小为８６５．５×８２．３μｍ，包囊中充满大小为１４．３×２．９μｍ的梭形缓殖子。鸡颈部、背部和大腿部肌肉中包囊密度较高，心肌无包囊寄生。４只犬和５只猫分别于实验感染包囊后第８ｄ和第１３ｄ排出孢子，剖检时小肠粘膜固有层中亦查到孢子。１０只１５日龄的雏鸡在实验感染来源于犬和猫粪便的孢子后，干不同时间剖杀镜检，除感染后第２０ｄ剖杀的２只鸡外，其余８只鸡肌肉中均检到包囊，其形态与自然感染鸡体的包囊相同。实验感染结果表明犬和猫均可充当该住肉孢子虫的终末寄主。虫种鉴定为Ｓａｒｃｏｃｙｓｔｉｓｓｐ。是国内家鸡住肉孢子虫的首次报告。

From March l989 to March l990,the authors investigated 284 free-ranging chickenswhich were sold by three chicken shops in Kunming for sarcocysts of Sarcocystis,andfound cysts in 2.1%of them。The spindle-shaped cysts measured 270.0～2l60.1 ×32.5～140.41μm and、rere clearly-chambered with12.5～18.6 ×2.0～3.8μm lanceolatebradyzoites.This parasite prefered to parasitize the muscles of the neck,thigh andback.Dogs and cats which were inoculated with cysts began to shed sporocysts at eightdays post inoculation(DPI)and l3 DPl respectively.Wlien they were necropsied,sporo-cvsts could also be found in the lamina propria of their sn1all intestines.Ten l5-day-old chickens,which were inoculated with sporocysts from the feces of the dogs andcats,were killed at different intervals and the cysts were found in all of them exceptthose being kiiled at 20 DPI.The results demonstraste that both the dog and cat canact as its definitive hosts.This species was identified as Sarcocystis sp.