中国水稻稻秆饲料营养价值特性的研究

A STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICSOF BICE STBAW IN CHINA

本文分析测定了中国南方５种土壤类型１０个早、中、晚稻品种的农艺学、形态学和营养学指标。结果表明：１．成熟期稻秆全植株含有较高的ＮＤＦ、Ｃ、ＨＣ和Ｌ，而ＣＰ和ＮＤＳ却较低；２．稻秆的Ｓ营养价值最高，ＬＢ次之，ＬＳ最低，而ＬＢ和ＬＳ占全植株的７５％左右，二者营养价值的大小，决定了稻秆营养价值的高低；３．不同稻秆ＤＭｄｐ值不同，早稻最高，中稻次之，晚稻最低；４．稻秆不同形态部分，ＤＭｄｐ值不同，Ｓ最大，ＬＢ次之，ＬＳ最小；５．稻秆在瘤胃内随着停留时间的增加，ＤＭｄｐ值随之升高，４８～７２小时趋于最高值。６．水稻籽实产量（ｒ＝－０．９１），植株高度（ｒ＝－０．８７）和结实率（ｒ＝－０．７５）与ＤＭｄｐ值呈显著负相关；而叶茎比（ｒ＝０．５９）和Ｓ的比例（ｒ＝０．５８）与ＤＭｄｐ值呈正相关，同时稻秆的主要化学成分与ＤＭｄｐ值也有一定的相关性。

The agronomic, morphologic and nutritive measurements were determined for tenvarieties of the Early, Medium- and Late- maturing rice from five types of soil insouth of China. The results showed that: (1) The higher contents of NDF, C, HCand L, but lower CP and NDS contents were noted for the whole plant of rice strawduring maturation; (2) As far as feed nutritive value, S is highest, then LB, LS low-est. However, LB and LS are constituted ahout 75% of whole plant, the nutritive valueof rice straiv is depended upon the nutritive quality of LB and LS; (3) The DMdpvalues of different sorts of rice straw are different, the Earlymaturinort in the highest,then the Medium, the late- in the loivest; (4) The DMdp value of different fractionsis different, S is the highest, then LB, LS is the lowest; (5) The different retentiontime in rumen, the DMdp values of rice straw is different. With time the DMdp valuesincreased gradurally, during 48￣72h, the DMdP values achieve nearly the highest; (6)The grain yield (r= -0.91), plant height (r= -0.87) and full-filling grain percent(r=-0.75) are correlated negatively with DMdp value, but the leaflstein ratio (r=0.59) and the Proportion of stem (r=0.58) are correlated positively with DMdp value.Meanwhile, the relativity between chemical compositions and DMdp value is,DMdp = 7 . 372 + 0 . 055DM - 0 . 532CP - 2 .487NDF + 1 . 143ADF+ 0 . 214C + 1 . 456HC + 0 . 718L (r = 0 . 61)Therefore, it is possible to predict the nutritive value of rice straw on the basis of theagronomic, morphologic measurements and chemical compositions and the relationshipwith DMdp value.