猪子宫内膜肥大细胞消涨规律初探

A SURVEY OF CHANGES ABOUT MAST CELLS iNTHE ENDOMETRIUM OF MINIATURE PIGS

雌性小型猪１５头，分为二月龄、三月龄、间情期、发情前期、发情期、妊娠期等六组。颈动脉放血处死，取子宫组织，经甲苯胺蓝改良法和免疫组化法染色，观察肥大细胞的动态变化。子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量随个体的生长发育而增加。在发情周期中肥大细胞的数量呈规律性的变化：在发情前期一时性地剧增，至发情期陡然降至显著低于间情期的水平，在妊娠期也维持低于间情期的水平。本实验的结果提示，子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量可能反映子宫局部的免疫水平。在发情期和妊娠期子宫局部免疫水平降低（肥大细胞数量减少），故受精卵或胎儿不被母体排斥，得以顺利着床或发育：而发情前期免疫水平一时性升高可能正是母猪在此期间配种不易受胎的主要原因之一。

ifteen female miniature pigs were selected for this study. These miniature pigswere divided into six groups. Group one to six were two months old, three months old,in diestrum, in proestrum, in oestrum and in pregnancy, respectively. These miniaturepigs were killed, and the changes of mast cells in the endometrium were investigatedwith modified toluidine blue stainning and immunohistochemical method. The resultsshowed that the number of mast cells in the endometrium increased gradually with thegrowth of the miniature pigs, and the numberal variations of mast cells during the sex-ual cycle were regular. In proestrum the number of mast cells in the endometrium inc-reased sharply and reached a peak. However, during the oestrum there was a sharp fallin the number of mast cells in the endonietrium, and also kept at a low level in preg-nancy. The numbers of mast cells in the endometrium were less in the oestrum and preg-nancy than tbat in diestrum. Mast cells might reflect the uterine local cellular immu-nity. The changes of mast cells in oestrum and pregnancy showed the fall of cellularimmunity level of the uterus, which prehaps was one of the mechanisms that sperma-tovum and embryo were not excluded by mother's body. In contrast,the changes of mastcells in proestrum showed the sharp increase of cellular immunitlevel of the uterus,which perhaps was one of the significant reasons why conception rate was low whenfemale pigs were mated in proestrum.