家畜遗传特性系统保存数学模型及应用研究

RESEARCH ON THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SYSTEMIC CONSERVING LIVESTOCK GENETIC RESOURCES AND ITS APPLICAIION

为克服现有保种方法不利于品种选育提高，以及实际中带有选育的保种将造成许多遗传特性丢失的弊端，本文提出了家畜遗传特性系统保存数学模型，以期在统一确立保存目标的前提下，将保存目标系统地分配给各个品种，扩大遗传特性保存范围。该模型中目标函数一是遗传特性尽可能在表现突出的品种中保存，二是保存特性与选育特性之间遗传正相关尽可能大，负相尽可能小；约束条件一是遗传特性ｊ最多在ｔ＿ｊ个品种中保存，二是品种ｉ最多保存ｂｉ个特性。文中最后给出了该模型在制定中国地方猪种遗传特性保存方案的应用实例。

In order to over-come the defect that a breed could not be improved with thepresent method of coservation and that a great deal of genetic features uyould lost underselection on productive traits,a methematical model is proposed in the paper. Thefeatures conserved should be determined at first and then be distributed to breeds withthe model to enlarge the range of features protected.There are two objects in themodel.The first object is protecting a feature in the breed wich is distinguished at thefeatures. The second object is increasing the positive genetic correlation coeficientbetween traits conserved and improved and reducing the negtive one. There are tworestrictions in the model.The first restriction is that feature j will be protected in tjbreeds at most.The second restriction is that breed i will protect bi features at most.The example of application of the model is showed by making the scheme of conservingpig genetic features in China.