重金属离子对凡纳滨对虾组织转氨酶活力的影响

Effects of Heavy Metal Ions on Transaminases Activities of Litopenaeus vannamei

开展对虾养殖环境毒理学的研究 ,探讨 3种重金属离子 (Cu2 + ,Zn2 + ,Cd2 + )在 96h内对凡纳滨对虾 (Litopenaeusvannamei) 3种组织 (肝胰脏、鳃丝、血液 )谷丙转氨酶 (GPT)、谷草转氨酶 (GOT)活力的影响。结果表明 :3种重金属离子各处理组凡纳滨对虾组织 2种转氨酶活力随取样时间变化显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其中肝胰脏、鳃丝的GPT ,GOT活力呈明显下降趋势 ,血液的GPT ,GOT活力呈明显上升趋势 ,而对照组在实验时间内无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。 3种重金属离子对凡纳滨对虾组织 2种转氨酶活力的影响程度与其浓度呈正相关 ,且变化趋势基本一致 ,其中Cu2 + 对肝胰脏、鳃丝 2种转氨酶活力的抑制率为GPT >GOT ;Zn2 + 对肝胰脏的抑制率为GPT <GOT ,而对鳃丝的抑制率在低浓度 (1～ 2mg/L)为GPT >GOT ,高浓度 (5～ 10mg/L)为GPT <GOT ;Cd2 + 对肝胰脏的抑制率为GPT <GOT ,对鳃丝的抑制率为GPT >GOT ;而 3种重金属离子对血液中 2种转氨酶活力的激活率均为GPT <GOT。

The effects of three kinds of metal ions (Cu^2+,Zn^2+,Cd^2+) on GOT and GPT activities of different tissues of Litopenaeus vannamei were studied. The results showed that: Transaminases (GOT,GPT) activities of different experimental groups in three tissues changed significantly with time (P<0.05).And the activities of GOP and GPT decreased significantly in the gills and hepatopancreas, but increased significantly in the blood while no significant changes were found in the control groups (P>0.05). In addition, the effects of the three metal ions on the transaminases activities positively correlated with the concentration of the ions and the changing trends were ~identical on the whole. The inhibition rates of Cu^2+ on the activities of GPT in the gills and hepatopancreas were greater than those of GOT. The inhibition rates of Zn^2+ on the activities of GPT in the hepatopancreas were lower than those of GOT. However, the inhibition rates on activities of GPT in the gills were greater than those of GOT in the low-dose(1～2mg/L) groups but lower than those of GOT in the high-dose(5～10mg/L)groups. The inhibition rates of Cd^2+ on the activities of GPT in the hepatopancreas were lower than those of GOT and were greater than those of GOT in the gills. However, the activation rates of the three metal ions on the activities of GPT in the blood were lower than those of GOT.