城市化进程中土地持续利用评价的实证研究——以南京市为例

Assessment of Sustainable Land Use during Urbanization: The Case of Nanjing City

对于快速城市化的国家和地区而言,城市化进程始终是影响土地持续利用的一个非常重要的因素。该文在概括了城市化进程中南京市土地利用变化历程的基础上,摆脱了以往土地持续利用评价中的一般性表述,综合了地理学、经济学等学科对城市化与土地利用两者相互作用关系的研究,有针对性地从粮食安全评价、城镇用地规模合理性、城镇内部用地合理性以及土地生态系统评价等几方面构建了城市化进程中土地持续利用评价的指标体系,并以南京市为例进行了实证研究。结果表明,在城市化这一宏观背景下,南京市的土地持续利用状况总体是向可持续方向发展,但指标体系内部某些领域的评价则较以往有着很大的退步。

Urbanization is one of the most important factors for sustainable use of land resources in a country or area with rapid urbanization trend. The paper constructs a sustainable land use evaluation system in the process of urbanization based on the two key ideas of farmland protection and structural optimization and by taking into consideration of the following four aspects: food security, city land scale, in-city land use and land ecology, and Nanjing city is chosen as an example to make the empirical study. The results indicate that the index of sustainable land use was 56.02 in Nanjing in 2000, which was improved compared with 51.58 in 1990, and the index of food security is decreased rapidly from 67.95 to 34.08, but the indexes of city land scale, in-city land use and land ecology were moving towards a better trend, from 36.44 to 67.49, 49.37 to 62.39, and 52.95 to 69.48, respectively. The results also show the problems in sustainable land use in Nanjing city, such as rapid farmland decrease, expansion of urban land use, unreasonable structure of in-city land use etc. The paper finally provides some solutions to sustainable land use in Nanjing city, such as establishment of farmland replenishment policy, industrial structure optimization and in-city land use exchanges. The evaluation results will provide scientific basis for the government to make a practical decision in this field.