输油船曲轴断裂原因分析

Failure Analysis of the Crankshaft on the Transport Oil Ship

测定了输油船断裂曲轴的化学成分、显微组织与力学性能,观察了断口的宏观和微观形貌,并从使用寿命、几何结构、材料以及扭振减振效果等方面对曲轴产生断裂的原因进行了综合分析。结果表明,曲轴的断裂是球墨铸铁组织、强度与塑性的不均匀及曲轴扭振减振器的缺陷而引起的疲劳断裂。

The chemical composition, microstructure and the mechanical properties of the fractured crankshaft of oil ship were measured, and the macro-fractography and micro-fractography of the crankshaft were observed. The failure analysis of the crankshaft was carried out from the aspects of service life, geometrical structure, materials and vibration damper used. The results show that the crankshaft failed in fatigue manner, resulting from the inhomogeneity of the microstructure, tensile strength and ductility of spheroidal graphite cast iron, and the imperfection of the vibration damper.