微藻固定CO_2研究进展

Advances on CO_2 Fixation by Microalgae

空气中CO2 浓度升高所导致的温室效应已成为重大的环境问题 ,受到人们普遍关注。概述了高效固定CO2 微藻藻种的筛选和培养方法 ,分析了微藻固定CO2 的无机碳利用形式和浓缩机制 ,讨论了高效光生物反应器设计和运行目标 ,简要介绍了微藻 (酶 ) 膜生物反应器集成新技术。并认为今后的研究方向主要是在进一步探索微藻固定CO2 有关机理的基础上 ,构建高效固定CO2 的转基因微藻 ,开发高效膜生物反应集成系统。

The greenhouse effect, which is believed to occur primarily as a result of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, has become one of the major environmental concerns and received worldwide attention. In this paper, algae species screening and cultivation for efficient CO 2 fixation are reviewed. The related dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) utilization form and CO 2 concentration mechanism (CCM) in the process of CO 2 fixation by microalgae are analyzed. Four objectives of the highly effective photobioreactor design and operation are discussed, and the advances on CO 2 mitigation technology with integration of microalgae (enzyme) and membrane bioreactor are also briefly introduced. In response to elevated CO 2 concentration, much attention needs to be paid to the construction of transgenic microalgae with higher performance in CO 2 fixation based on the further ascertainment of the related mechanism, and the development of effective CO 2 biofixation system integrated with other kinds of advanced technology, such as membrane immobilization and separation.