宁夏沙尘暴的成因及特性

Causes and characteristics of sandstorm in Ningxia

利用大流量、安德森九级分级采样器等先进仪器,1999—2003年连续七年对宁夏的沙尘天气进行跟踪监测;在此基础上,重点分析了近五年来银川地区沙尘天气及颗粒物的影响和特征,旨在对我国宁夏沙尘暴的传输、大气颗粒物的研究及防治提供依据.研究表明:宁夏是我国主要的沙尘暴发生源区之一,是我国沙尘暴西路、西北路传输的主要路径、源区和加强区,是我国沙尘暴发生的高频区.宁夏的沙尘暴主要集中在中北部各市县,年平均20d左右;东亚季风是宁夏沙尘暴天气的主要动力源,周边的巴丹吉林沙漠、腾格里沙漠、毛乌素沙地是沙尘暴的沙源.宁夏的沙尘暴不仅给当地造成了严重的破坏和巨大的损失,而且影响到了日本、美国等地区的环境.近年来,在我国的沙尘天气总体呈下降趋势的情况下,宁夏却呈现出高浓度、强降尘的沙尘天气转活跃的趋势.

The paper discussed causes and characteristics of the sand storm in Ningxia by employing advanced sample instruments such as large flow, nine grades of sampling device by Anderson’etc. Based on monitoring the sandstorm for seven years in succession, it analyzed the sandstorm in Yinchuan and the effects and characteristics of particulate matter so as to provide reference for the transmission of dust storm of Ningxia even our country, and research, prevention and cure of the atmosphere particulate matter. Research showed:Ningxia is one of the main source clitoris of sandstorm of our country, it is the main transmission route, source district and strengthened zone of western Road, Northwestern Road of sandstorm in our country and it is also the high frequency zone of sandstorm in our country. The sandstorm of Ningxia concentrates mainly on cities and counties of middle north, an average of 20 days yearly, and the monsoon of East Asia is the main power source of the sandstorm weather of Ningxia, and deserts around Ningxia, such as BadarJilin, Tengeieli, Maowusu, are the sandstorm source. Not only did the sandstorm of Ningxia bring about serious damage and huge loss to local regions, but also influence the environment of Japan, America, and other areas. In recent years, sandstorm weather tends to decrease on the whole in our country, however, Ningxia tams up the active tendency of sandstorm weather.