真菌感染及耐药性分析

Infection and Resistance of Fungus

目的探讨真菌感染的特点,常见的菌种及各种真菌对氟康唑的体外抗菌活性。方法按《全国临床检验 操作规程》培养、分离真菌,采用chromG A显色培养基及用VITEK自动化细菌生化分析仪YBC卡进行鉴定。 结果分离真菌的科室血液肿瘤科占27.3％,干部病房占18.1％,呼吸科占16.2％,重症监护室占15.9％;白色 念珠菌最常见,占分离菌的66.7％,其次为热带念珠菌占19.6％,克柔念珠菌3.2％;各种真菌对氟康唑的体外抗 菌活性,白色念珠菌对氟康唑的敏感率为91.0%,热带念珠菌对氟康唑的敏感率为89.3％,光滑念珠菌对氟康唑 的敏感率为57.1％,克柔念珠菌对氟康唑的敏感率仅为18.2％。结论 医院患者真菌的感染主要多发生于肿 瘤、血液病患者以及年老体弱、免疫功能低下、病情危重和长期使用抗生素的患者;真菌的感染逐渐增加;氟康唑 对白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌有较好的体外抗菌活性。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristic of fungus infection in hospital and examine the resistance of common fungi to fluconazole. METHODS Fungi were cultured and isolated from specimens by the chromG A culture medium and VITEK bacterial automatic biochemical analyzer according to the National Clinical Experiment Rule. RESULTS The fungi isolated from hematology-oncology unit, gerontology unit, respiratory unit and ICU accounted for 27. 3%, 18. 1%, 16, 2% and 15. 9% in all fungi, respectively. Candida albicans constituted nearly the two third in all fungi and was the most common fungus, and then were the C. tropicalis (19. 6%) and C. krusei (3.2%). The susceptible rate to fluconazole was 91. 0%, 89.3%, 57.1 %and 18. 2% among C. s, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. krusei, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of fungus infection is increasing in recent years, it more often is occurred in the patients suffering from tumor and hematopa-thy,as well as those with senility, immuno-suppression, critical and long-term antibiotic uses. C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis are the most common fungi and their susceptible rate to fluconazole is on the top three, but the susceptible rate of C. krusei is markedly reduced.