酰胺型改性菜籽油润滑添加剂对钢-钢摩擦副和钢-铝摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响

Effect of Amide Type Modified Rapeseed Oil as Lubricating Additive on Friction and Wear Behavior of Steel-Steel and Steel-Aluminum Alloy Systems

以三乙醇胺和菜籽油为原料,合成了一种环境友好的酰胺型改性菜籽油润滑添加剂(NRO),并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定;分别采用四球摩擦磨损试验机和SRV摩擦磨损试验机考察了含NRO添加剂的菜籽油对钢-钢摩擦副和钢-铝摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜观察和分析了钢球磨斑表面形貌,同时采用X射线光电子能谱仪分析了铝合金磨痕表面典型元素的化学状态,探讨了酰胺型改性菜籽油润滑添加剂的减摩抗磨机理.结果表明:含酰胺型改性菜籽油添加剂NRO的菜籽油对钢-钢摩擦副和钢-铝摩擦副均表现出良好的抗磨减摩作用;其作用机理在于,酰胺型改性菜籽油添加剂具有较强的极性、易在金属表面形成吸附膜,同时在摩擦过程中形成由含有机氮、亚硝基或硝酸根化合物组成的高强度聚合物膜.

A type of new environmentally friendly lubricating additive - amide type modified rapeseed oil was synthesized and characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy. The effect of the synthetic compound as an additive in rapeseed oil on the friction and wear behavior of steel-steel and steel-aluminum alloy systems was investigated using a four-ball machine and an Optimal SRV friction and wear tester, respectively. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope, while the chemical states of the typical elements on the worn 2024Al alloy block surface were determined using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. The results showed that the modified rapeseed oil as an additive in the rapeseed oil was able to obviously decrease the wear rate and friction coefficient of the steel-steel pair and steel-aluminum. This was supposed to be related to the formation of a high strength adsorption film and complicated organic polymer film composed of organic nitrogen, nitrous group, and nitrous acid group on the worn metal surface, due to the easy adsorption of the additive with high polarity and the tribochemical reaction.