云南松蠹害林分动态变化研究

Dynamic Variation of Pinus yunnanensis Forest Stands Infested by Tomicus piniperda

1996～2000年对滇中地区路南长湖及宜良小白龙两个云南松蠹害林区的各847株样树进行了跟踪调查.调查初期两样地在树木长势和蠹害程度上存在明显差异,长湖样地树木长势逊于小白龙,蠹害程度轻于小白龙.4年来两样地的蠹害发展极不一致.长湖样地云南松健康木比例下降12.6%;云南松受纵坑切梢小蠹蛀害致死466株,死亡率55.0%,蠹害未得到控制.小白龙样地云南松健康木比例增加29.7%;云南松受纵坑切梢小蠹蛀害致死219株,死亡率25.9%,蠹害有所控制.研究结果表明树木长势与蠹害发生及其程度直接相关,树木长势影响蠹害的发展过程,蠹害的发展制约树木长势的增强.

Each 847 sampled trees of Pinus yunnanensis infested by Tomicus piniperda in Changhu forest area of Lunan County and in Xiaobailong forest area of Yiliang County, Yunnan Province, were investigated separately during 1996～2000. There was obvious difference in growth status and infestation level by the beetle between the two localities at the initial stage, i.e., the growth status was worse while the infestation level was lower in Changhu forest area than those of in Xiaobailong forest area. The infestation by Tomicus piniperda developed quite differently between the two localities within the 4 years. The proportion of health trees dropped by 12.6%, 466 infested trees died and the mortality reached 55.0%, and the infestation was out of control in Changhu forest area. While the proportion of health trees increased by 29.7%, and only 219 trees died in the 4 years among the 847 sampled trees in the Xiaobailong forest area, and the mortality percentage was 25.9%, which sowed that the infestation was controlled to a certain degree. The results showed that the growth status of the pine trees was directly correlated to the infestation and damage level by the bark beetle. The growth status of the pine trees could influence the development cause of the infestation, and meanwhile the damage of the beetle constrained the growth status of the trees.