重大事故应急救援法律法规体系建设

Establishment of Law and Regulation System for Emergency Rescue to Major Accident

重大事故应急救援法律法规体系作为生产安全应急救援体系建设的重要内容之一 ,在重特大事故多发的今天 ,已显得尤为重要。笔者结合国内外重大事故应急救援立法的现状 ,论述加强我国应急救援法律法规体系建设的必要性 ;提出重大应急救援法律法规体系建设要从法律、行政法规及部门规章、地方性法规及规章3个方面进行 ;同时提出建立联席会议制度、应急预案编制审核和备案制度、报告与信息发布制度、应急救援的分级响应制度、应急救援演习制度、应急救援资金补偿制度、应急救援的奖惩制度等急救援工作制度体系。最后 ,还强调建立重大事故应急救援体系对于提高政府对国家危机的管理能力有着深远的影响和意义。

Establishment of law and regulation system for emergency rescue to major accident is one of the most important components of work safety especially under the situation of frequent occurrence of severe accidents. The legislation of major accidents emergency response system in China and abroad is introduced. The necessity of the legislation is discussed. It is presented that the contents of laws and regulations system should include 3 parts, i.e. the state law, rules and regulations by government departments, and rules and regulations by local government. At the same time, joined conference system, report and verification system of emergency rescue protocol compilation, report and press conference system, response system in different levels, drill regulation, fund compensation system, and rewards and punishments system must also be established. Finally, it is indicated that the establishment of laws and regulations for major accident emergency rescue is of great significance for the state to cope with national crisis.