太原市蔬菜中铅、铬和镉含量分析及安全性评价

Analysis on Contents of Lead, Chromium and Cadmium in Vegetables from the Market of Taiyuan City and Their Safety Evaluationn

笔者采用原子吸收光谱法 ,测定了太原市蔬菜批发市场的 8种蔬菜 72个样品的铅、铬、镉含量。结果表明 :在检测的 8种蔬菜中 ,有 5种蔬菜出现铅含量超标 ,铅是蔬菜中的主要污染元素 ,且污染带有普遍性 ;铬的污染仅出现在芹菜和青菜上 ,其他 6种蔬菜均无超标 ;8种蔬菜均未受到镉的污染 ,合格率为 10 0 %。参照国家食品卫生标准和蔬菜质量分级标准 ,对蔬菜的重金属污染程度进行了安全性评价。在所检测的蔬菜样品中 ,只有青菜受到重金属污染 ,其综合污染指数为 1.12 ,污染程度为轻度污染。其他蔬菜的综合污染指数均低于 0 .7,污染程度均为安全 ,污染水平均为清洁。

Contents of heavy metals lead, chromium and cadmium were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry in 72 samples from 8 kinds of vegetables from Taiyuan vegetable wholesale market. The results showed that the lead contents in5 of 8 kinds of vegetables analyzed exceeded hygienic standard, indicating thatlead was the major pollutant and was widely polluted. Chromium was found excessive only in celery and greengrocery,and not in others. Cadmium had not been detected in all 8 kinds of vegetables. The safety of vegetable pollution by heavy metals was evaluated referring to national food hygienic and vegetable quality gradation standards. Among various vegetables detected, only greengrocery is polluted by heavy metal and the comprehensive pollutant index is 1.12. It means lightly polluted. However, the indexes of all other vegetables are below 0.7, it means safe and unpolluted at all.