国际贸易中环境成本内在化的经济学分析

Economic Analysis on the Internalization of the Environment Cost in the International Trade

环境①和贸易②之间有着复杂的关系和相互影响, 一个领域的政策措施会不断地对另一个领域产生显著而重要的影响。如果“割裂”两者之间的关系, 在制定环境政策或贸易政策时没有考虑两者之间的相互影响, 就难以达到帕累托最优。在制定国际贸易政策时, 应该考虑环境成本, 也就是环境成本内化到贸易总成本中去, 使环境污染和生态破坏的解决获得资金来源, 真实反应产品的实际价值, 以协调好环境与贸易的关系。

There is a complex relation between environment and trade. They interact with each other. The policies and measures taken in one area will continuously affect another area. Isolating either of them and paying no attention to their close relationship when we establish our environment and trade policies cannot help attain Pareto optimization. When we try to establish policies on international trade, we should take environment cost into consideration by internalizing the environment cost into the overall cost,thus guaranteeing the necessary loan to be invested in solving pollution problems both in environment and zoology. Then we can know the true value of the commodities and harmonize the relationship between environment and trade.