市场经济与知识经济时代教师文化的构建——日本与欧美之比较

The Reconstruction of Teacher Culture in the Age of Market Economy and Knowledge Economy

以往,教师是作为国家政治思想及文化传统的传播者,而今,在世界市场经济竞争激烈的形势下,教师教育的发展已和经济的发展紧密的联系起来,教育被作为促进国家的经济发展或者说维持国力的重要因素来考虑,教师亦成为影响国民经济发展的重要社会资源之一。教师教育受到了前所未有的重视。世界各国都在对之进行广泛而深入的改革。其中,对教师文化的重新审视与构建成为当今日本和欧美教师教育研究的一项重要课题。本文从市场经济全球化与知识经济时代发展的视点出发,把日本与欧美各国教师文化的形态特点、发展的新趋势进行分析和比较,以期对我国教师文化的建设与发展提供借鉴与启发。

In the situation of intensely competitive market economy the development of teacher education has been closely linked up with the development of economy. The teacher education is receiving unprecedented attention and is reformed intensively and deeply in countries all over the world. The reexamination and reconstruction of teacher culture has become an important research subject in current Japanese, European and American teacher education. In the perspectives of market-economy globalization and knowledge-economy age, this paper makes an analysis of and comparison between Japanese and European, American characteristics and tendencies of teacher culture so as to provide some lessons and revelations for Chinese reconstruction of teacher culture.