传统儒学的“诚”“信”:愿望的道德和义务的道德——兼由“诚”“信”意蕴差异看当代诚信道德建设的理路

Cheng and Xin in History of Confucian Thought:Morality of Duty and Morality of Aspiration——Study on Constructing Contemporary Ethics of Trustworthiness from the Perspective of Different Connotation between Cheng and Xin

儒学史上,儒学家对“诚”、“信”的理解是有差异的。“诚”被认为具形而上意义;“信”,则更多地被注意到它的工具性价值。儒学史上被这样理解“诚”、“信”大体上可以归为法理学家富勒所说的“愿望的道德”和“义务的道德”两种道德类型。按“愿望的道德”和“义务的道德”的道德二分法来领会传统儒学中的“诚”和“信”,对我们思考当前诚信道德建设的理路不无启发:第一,“信”作为“义务的道德”提示以公共法规提供现代诚信道德的制度保证,第二,“诚”作为“愿望的道德”提示以私人信仰提供现代诚信道德的心理源泉。

From the angle of history of Confucian thought,Cheng(honesty) is considered to own metaphysical character , and Xin(trustworthiness)is (emphasized) as its value of practical tool.Only by virtue of this,respectively can Cheng and Xin correspond to the morality of aspiration and the morality of duty which was raised by Fuller.L.L.,an American jurist.This view is significant and inspiring for modern human to construct contemporary ethics of trustworthiness.