施用有机肥和化肥对菜田土壤酶动态特性的影响

Effect of Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on the Dynamics of Soil E nzymic Activities in Vegetable Soil

通过露地田间栽培黄瓜试验,研究施用有机肥和化肥对土壤中性磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和转化酶动态特性的影响。结果表明,露地菜田土壤酶活性随土层的加深而减弱,0～10cm土层酶活性明显高于10～20cm。菜田耕层土壤酶活性季节性变化明显,作物旺盛生长期土壤酶活性高,而作物生长初期和末期,土壤酶活性较低。施用有机肥、化肥在一定条件下可以改变土壤酶活性。施用半腐熟有机肥,生育初期酶活性低,生育后期逐渐升高;施用氮肥,在黄瓜各个生育期均不同程度地降低了酶的活性,而增施磷、钾肥却不同程度地提高了酶的活性。

This paper deals with the influence of application of manure and c hemical fertilizer on the activities of soil neutral Phosphatase, Hydrogenperoxi dase, Invertase, Urase in vegetable soil planted with cucumber. The results show ed that soil enzymatic activities became lower with increasing depth of soil lay er, the enzymatic activities of 0~10cm was higher than that of 10~20cm. They cha nged greatly at different seasons, with the highest activities at the vigorous g rowth stage of cucumber. And less active at initial stages and telophase. The ac tivities of soil enzymes decreased at the beginning of growth and increased at t he later stages in the treatments with application of half decomposed manure, an d could be reduced in the treatment with manure added nitrogen, whereas increase d in the addition of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.