诺贝尔奖、心理学、运动心理学

Nobel Prize, Psychology and Sport Psychology

回顾了诺贝尔生理学及医学奖获得者的研究以及被提名但未获奖的研究对心理学发展的贡献,这些贡献集中体现在心理过程的生理机制方面。介绍了首位获得诺贝尔奖(诺贝尔经济科学纪念奖)的心理学家DanielKaneman的主要研究工作,即在决策过程和决策系统中不确定条件下的判断、决策和认知背景效应以及直觉思维系统与理性思维系统的交互作用。特别指出,诺贝尔奖给心理学和运动心理学发展带来的启示是:1)提出正确的问题,进行精巧的研究设计;2)使理论前导和实验检验相辅相成;3)沿着一个明确的方向做持续不断的努力。

Reviewed were those studies of recipients and nominees of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, who have made substantial contributions to the development of psychology. These contributions are mainly in the area of physiological foundations of mental process. Introduced was the research work by Daniel Kaneman, the first psychologist who won the Nobel Prize (the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science). His area has been related to judge and decision under uncertainty and cognitive framing effect in decision-making process and system and the interaction between intuition system and reasoning system. It was pointed out that the inspirations we can get from Nobel Prize for the development of psychology and sport psychology are: 1) advance proper questions and make ingenious designs;2) integrate theory and experiment and 3) follow a good direction and make sustained efforts.