东北地区可利用降水资源的初步分析

A Primary Analysis of Utilizable Precipitation in Northeast China

利用1961～2002年东北地区80个测站的月降水量和月平均气温资料,采用陆面蒸发经验模型计算得到各测站的月蒸发量,再根据水量平衡关系,得到可利用降水量,以此分析了东北地区大气降水资源的空间分布特征及其变化趋势.结果表明:东北地区可利用降水资源为东多西少分布,东西部区域降水资源差异显著,西部地区可利用降水资源严重匮乏;全区可利用降水资源呈下降趋势,西部半干旱地区在已有水资源严重不足的情况下,可利用降水量仍呈下降趋势,在东部山区其下降趋势最为明显,这将对整个东北地区水资源的开发利用产生不利影响.

Using data set of monthly precipitation and temperature from 1961 to 2002 at 80 stations in Northeast China, the utilizable precipitation were calculated based on Takahashi's evaporation equation and the relationship of water balance. The spatial distribution and change tendency of the utilizable precipitation were studied. The results show that there are high values of utilizable precipitation in the eastern region and the low values in the western. The change tendency has been downing in the whole period.