哲学视域的转变与社会转型

The Turn of Field of Vision of Philosophy and Change of Society

哲学作为“时代精神的精华”,其实质是对人类的生存方式及其发展道路的自觉反思,是对人类生活方式的一种理论表达。这就决定了随着社会,即人类生存方式的不断嬗变和转型,哲学也要不断改变其视域。人类社会的发展一般表现为由非市场经济(自然经济)到市场经济再到非市场经济(计划经济)的转型过程。对于哲学视域的转变,西方哲学由古代无个体、自我的“本体视域”转变为近代的“个体或自我视域”,在现代又走向了“公共领域”。马克思所追求的理想社会是一种“自由人的联合体”。因此,在我们看来,真正的或具体的哲学视域应是既包含有“公共性”且又不丧失“自由个性”

As the cream of spirit of time, the essence of philosophy is conscious reflection on human being's mode of living and way of development, philosophy is kind of theoretical expression of human being's mode of living. This decides that the field of vision of philosophy turns as the society develops. The course of development of society is usually from nature economy to market economy, then planning economy. The turn of field of vision of western philosophy is from noumenon field of vision without individual to field of ego of vision, then public field. The ideal society that Marx wanted to establish is the unity of free individuals, so, We think that the field of vision of contemporary philosophy is the actual individual who both has commonality and free personality.