银川市可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))来源解析

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT FOR INHALABLE PARTICLES (PM_(10)) IN YINCHUAN

通过对银川市四个季度PM10样品采集和主要排放源(煤烟尘、土壤尘、建筑尘、冶炼尘)样品及地面扬尘样品采集,分析了其中的17种元素含量,用化学元素平衡法(CEB)定量计算了各主要排放源对PM10的贡献.结果表明:四类源之间PM10的元素含量有明显差异,四类源对PM10的贡献之和介于80～90%,平均为86.5%.春、夏、秋季各源贡献率差别不大,冬季差异明显,地面扬尘是PM10的重要来源.说明银川市治理PM10的主要对象是煤烟尘、地面扬尘及周边包括外来沙尘在内的土壤尘.

Having collected the samples of PM_ 10in four seasons and the mainsources (smoke dust from burning coal, soil dust, construction dust, smelting dust, ground dust),by analyzing seventeen elements, we calculated the contribution of every source ofPM_ 10. The resultsshow that there are obvious differencesamong element content of four kind of sources, and the sum of contribution of four sources to PM_ 10is between 80-90%,the average is 86.5%.There are little changes in the spring, summer and autumn, but in the winter the change is obvious. The most important sourceof PM_ 10is the grounddust. This indicates that the main ways of controlling PM_ 10are to reduce smoke dust from burning coal, the ground dust and the soil dust including the dust from area around.