岩溶地区设计洪水计算的探讨

Discussions on the calculation of design flood in karst area

岩溶地区溶洞形状千姿百态,对洪水的影响程度各不相同,如何考虑其影响,在目前的水利水电工程设计规范中没有明确规定。贵州省是世界上典型的岩溶地貌地区之一,根据在贵州省水利水电工程设计的实践,总结摸索出针对不同溶洞状况、集水状况和水文站布设情况的设计洪水计算方法。在可确定岩溶集水面积条件下的方法有调洪演算法、溶洞削减法、叠加合成法和统一处理法;不能确定岩溶集水面积条件下的方法有流量法、地区综合法、统一处理法等。

The shape of karst caves in the karst area is an infinite variety of fantastic phenomena which affects the flood to a different extent. How to consider such influence is no clear requirement in the current design criteria for water resources and hydropower projects. The Guizhou Province is one of the most typical karst areas in the world. According to the practices in the design of water resources and hydropower projects in Guizhou Province we summarized and explored some calculation methods of design flood in line with different situations of karst caves water collection conditions and the distribution of hydrological stations. These methods are flood routing method karst cave abatement method superposition resultant method unified treatment discharge method area comprehensive method etc.