论意思瑕疵对离婚登记效力的影响

Effect of Meaning Flaw on Legal Effect of Divorce Registration

能否以意思瑕疵为由主张撤销协议离婚登记,关系到国家婚姻登记机关登记的公信力及善意第三人的保护。旧《婚姻登记管理条例》第25条的规定由于缺乏理性,从而导致了“一夫两妻案”的出现。本文认为协议离婚既涉及公法行为又涉及私法行为,因此在处理协议离婚中的意思瑕疵时不能简单套用民法的意思表示理论。从维护婚姻登记机关登记行为的公信力角度出发,对协议离婚中的意思解释应采表示主义,意思瑕疵不构成撤销离婚登记的影响,婚姻登记机关在审查时应采表面审查的原则;同时建议拓宽我国离婚损害赔偿制度的范围,以实现各方当事人之间利益的均衡。

Whether agreement divorce registration could be withdrawed or not for the sake of meaning flaw concerns the protection of the public trust of registering organ of the marriage and the third party acting in good faith.The neglect of the provision of the article 25 in“Management Rule of Registration of Marriage”leads to“a husband and two wife cases”in China.The paper argues that the meaning doctrine is adopted when the meaning of divorcing is explained so as to safeguard the public trust of the registering organ of the marriage,and the doctrine of surface examination is also adopted by the registering organ in the process of examination.It is suggested that the meaning flaw shouldn't been regarded as the reason of withdrawal of divorce registration.The range of compensation for divorce damage should be extended in order to balance the interests between the parties of each side.