汉英翻译中两类最常见错误及其产生原因

Two Types of Common Mistakes and the Causes in Chinese-English Translation

因母语的负迁移,中国学生在汉译英时,遣词造句常常出现“汉化”现象,这主要是不熟悉英语不同于汉语的词法规则和句法结构而造成的。要想避免“汉化”、译出比较地道的英文,重点要掌握两方面的知识:一是熟知英语词形的屈折变化、词的习惯性搭配和固定短语的用法;二是通晓按英语句法逻辑组织译句的技巧,特别是复杂句,要善于将汉语句子的“竹式”结构转换成英语句子的“树式”结构。

Being influenced by native language,Chinese students often make such mistakes as Chinglish in Chinese-English translation. It’s mainly because they are not very familiar with the features of the English language,especially the regulation of English morphology and the structure of English syntax. To avoid Chinglish and learn to use good English,it is necessary to master following knowledge:⑴ the changes of English morphology, collocation and the usage of set phrases;⑵the techniques to restructure the sentence of target language according to English syntax,especially to change the “bamboo-type structure” of Chinese sentence into the “tree-type structure”of English sentence while translating the complex sentences.