现代教学设计的概念与特征

Concepts and Features of Modern Instructional Design

该文从内容、方法、目的和系统活动水平四个维度分析教学设计,呈现了教学设计不同层面的含 义与功能。为学校教育发展而设计教学已成为当今教学设计的重要分支,伴随着信息技术的快速发展以及关于 人类学习的知识不断丰富,现代教学设计更加凸显了六个特征:学习者中心、目标导引、关注真实世界中的表现、 可信且有效的评价手段、基于经验和团队协作的活动。对"学习者"、学习与设计的"境脉"及"学习环境"等概念 的理解是研究现代教学设计的关键,而学习、设计与技术的彼此分离是导致我国教学设计研究和开发与发达国 家存在较大差距的主要原因。

This article probes meaning and function of ID by analyzing it from four dimensions of content, ways, aims/goals and systematic activity-level. ID for schooling has become one main domain of ID application that permanently develops and highlights six-features of modern ID, while technology of information and communication is advancing rapidly and credible findings about human learning mechanism are increasing. These features are: learner-centered , goal-oriented, real world performance-focused, reliable and effective assessment, empirical and team activities. The article also analyzes the meanings of 'learner' , 'context 'of learning and design and 'learning environment' , these are essential concepts of modern ID. ID in our country has been the field in which learning science , design and technology are separate. That is the main reason that the research and development of ID in our country has been behind developed country in ID .