20世纪11—20年间思想界的一个侧面——对民国初期“道德救亡论”的学理解析

On the Aspect of the Ideological Realm of the 10—20 Years of the 20th Century ——A Learning Dissecting to the Moral Salvation of the Early Republic of China

2 0世纪 11- 2 0年间 ,时人以《正谊》、《大中华杂志》、《庸言》等杂志为阵地 ,深刻批判“官国”“恶精神”共存 ,道德堕落、名实相悖 ,吏无廉耻、人格卑劣 ,人心衰败、风纪凌夷 ,社会思潮隳堕、衣食消遣盛行等弊端 ,围绕共和以道德为精神 ,道德与时俱进、因时更张 ,充实共和国道德精神、重塑国民人格与政治人格、完善具体道德规范等方面展开理论诠释 ,欲藉反省自爱、砥砺名节 ,外在逼迫、法律为高 ,道义示范、上下互动 ,重社会轻政治、理性对待中外文化等重塑近代理想人格以达到救亡目的。

Between the 10—20 years of the 20th century, some people mercilessly exposed and animadverted on the coexisting of the feudal official and bureaucrat style of work, the social corrupt customs about the morals degenerating and the name falls short of the reality, officials without the sense of honor and having base characters, the public feeling, customs and the social ideological trend declining, food and clothing and diversion being in vogue through the magazines of Zhengyi, Dazhonghua and Yongyan. They entirely gave the annotations on laying stress on looking on morality as spirit, morality being changed with each passing day, enriching the moral spirits of the Republic of China, perfecting the concrete moral standards so as to shape the modern ideal personality of China in system. They desired to model the new subject so as to making the salvation come true on the basis of introspecting and self-respecting and tempering integrity, combining the outer forcing with taking laws as the basic principles, setting examples and effecting each other from the upper and the lower, attaching importance to the sociality and looking down on the political administration, adopting a correct attitude towards the cultures of China and the foreign countries with reason.