未婚人流女青年生殖健康知识、态度、行为和生殖健康保健需求研究

Study on needs for knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of reproductive healthcare of unmarried abortion young women

目的:了解未婚女青少年对性和生殖健康知识、态度、行为(KAP)和生殖健康保健的需求。方法:2002年10月～2003年2月分别选择深圳市、南宁市、北京市、郑州市的市级医院妇产科,对2002名年龄<24岁、要求人工流产的未婚女青年进行妇科检查及实验室检查,并填写自填式问卷,应用SPSS/10 0软件进行统计学处理。结果:调查对象平均年龄为22±1 7岁,流动人口占61 .0%;生殖健康知识平均总分为4.2±2 .3分,全部答对者仅占1 .2%,均未答对者占5 .4%;技术人员、非流动人口、高年龄组和教育程度高者得分较高;调查对象对生殖健康保健知识的需求依次为避孕知识、人工流产危害、性生理知识、性传播疾病的危害与预防等;希望获得上述知识的途径依次是医院咨询门诊、报刊杂志、广播电视、网络和热线电话等;希望获得避孕药具的机构依次是药店、医院或妇幼保健院、计划生育指导所/站、自动售货机、百货商场及私人诊所。结论:未婚女青少年有关性和生殖健康知识贫乏。应加强青少年性和生殖健康教育,建立安全性行为,加强对未婚女青年的生殖保健服务,改善生殖健康服务质量。

Objective:To investigate the needs for sex and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and reproductive healthcare.Methods:2002 unmarried young women with desire for induced abortion aged less than 24 years old selected from department of gynecology and obstetrics of municipal hospitals in Shenzhen, Nanning, Beijing and Zhengzhou from Oct 2002 to Feb 2003, accepted gynecological and laboratory examination, then answered questionnaire. The data was statistically analyzed with SPSS10.0.Results:The respondents' average age was 22±1.7 years old. Floating population accounted for 61.0%.Total average score of knowledge of reproductive health was 4.2±2.3, only 1.2% of respondents got all right answers, while 5.4% of ones got all wrong. The respondents from technician, non-floating population, aged over 20 years old and higher education group got the higher scores. The needs for knowledge of reproductive healthcare of respondents in turn were contraception methods, harm of induced abortion, sexual physiology, harm and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases etc. The ways they wanted to acquire the above knowledge in turn were consulting clinics in hospital, newspaper and magazines, broadcast and TV, internet and hotline telephone etc. The organizations they wanted to get contraceptive and prophylactic in turn were drugstore, hospitals or maternity and child healthcare hospitals, family planning guidance station, automat, department store and private location.Conclusion:Unmarried young women had limited knowledge about sex and reproductive health. Education about sex and reproductive health for adolescent should be strengthened to help them have safe sexual behavior; and reproductive health service for unmarried young women also should be enhanced to improve quality of reproductive health service.