布莱尔第三条道路理论探析

An Analysis of Tony Blair's Third Way

本文剖析了流行于当今英国的第三条道路理论的思想渊源及其与历史上一度出现过的其他第三条道路的本质区别。文章指出 ,布莱尔等人所竭力鼓吹的“新”第三条道路的“新颖之处”就是一条把自己定位于两个极端之间的道路 ,即新自由主义和社会民主之间的中间道路。和其他的道路相比 ,“新”第三条道路既持有相似的言辞 ,又有内容上的实质差别。第三条道路所宣称的四大支柱 (社区、责任、义务和机会 )在历史上已出现过多次 ,它实际上是自由论、保守主义思想、社会主义成分等思想的混合物。工党从提出自我更新 ,实现现代化到最终第三条道路的出笼 ,其实质是放弃了社会主义的价值取向。第三条道路理论的许多内容及其所涉及的概念模糊不清、模棱两可 ,因而也难以实施清晰的政策措施。新工党还将继续进一步作出选择 ,进行未来的思想构造。

This essay makes an analysis the differences between the Third Way which is now very popular in contemporary Britain and some other Third Ways in history. It is argued that the novelty of the Third Way advocated by Tony Blair is that it is situated between the two extremes: a middle way between neo liberals and social democracy. Compared with some other routes, the ‘new’ Third Way is both similar in words and different in substance. The four pillars (community, responsibility, accountability and opportunity) have appeared so many times in history, which are in fact a mixture of liberalism, conservatism and socialism. What Labour Party did, from the renewal of itself to the realization of modernization and eventually to the appearance of the Third Way is virtually the abandonment of its socialist goal. Many of the substances and the relevant conceptions in the Third Way are indistinct and ambiguous. Therefore it is difficult for Labour Party to implement precise measures .New Labour Party will still be in the process of choosing and ideological construction.