从佛道之争看元代宗教的宽容政策

An Overview of the Religious Principle of the Forgiveness in Y uan Dynasty from the Conflict between Buddhism and Taoism

元代是蒙古族建立的统一大帝国，其统治阶层是由蒙古族为首的多民族贵族的联合体组成。其治下各民族皆有自己传统的宗教信仰。当时佛教的禅宗和吐蕃佛教与道教中全真教派曾获得统治阶层的支持提倡而先后风行一时，它们之间又曾发生剧烈的矛盾和冲突，并由蒙古统治者出面主持了两教的大辩论，尽管道教辩论失败，但是道教在元代仍得到宽容，自然流行。对宗教信仰采取宽容政策是元代文化一个鲜明的特点。

The unified giant empire, Yuan Dynasty was built by Mongolian national ity, in which the ruling class was composed of aristocrats from different nation alities. Meanwhile, the traditional religion varied from different nationalities , of which the Chan sect and Tibetan regime of Buddhism and the Quanzhen sect of Taoism were all the rage for a time because of the advocacy and support of thei r corresponding ruling class. Nevertheless, there also existed violent conflicts among those religious. Therefore, the ruler of the Mongolian nationality held m any debates between the two religious. Though Daoism was defeated, thanks to the religious principle of forgiveness, it was still very popular. Thus the religio us principle of forgiveness was one of the bright character of Yuan Dynastys cul ture.