归隐派与名士风度——废名、沈从文、汪曾祺论

Retirement School and Their Personage Demeanour: From FEI Ming, SHEN Cong-wen to WANG Zeng-qi

中国现代文学,自周作人始,即出现一种具有归隐倾向的审美情绪。废名、沈从文 和汪曾祺,就小说创作所体现的恬淡自然而言,似可看作周作人一脉;但是,废、沈、汪这三位具有 师承关系的作家,其对人生和自然的情趣,既超越了周作人,又各具鲜明的个性。通过对三人小 说创作的梳理,揭示其返归自然、返朴归真的哲学与审美追求及其相互的联系与差异,从而呈现 三位作家在中国现代小说史上独特的价值。

The modern Chinese literature has had an aesthetic vein of retiring back to naturalness since ZHOU Zuo-ren. The line of FEI Ming, SHEN Cong-wen and WANG Zeng-qi may seemly be, from the perspective of naturalness conveyed in their works, regarded as descendent from ZHOU, but the three writers in a teacher-pupil relation have surpassed ZHOU with their remarkable characteristic of sentiment in life and nature. This paper makes an attempt, in terms of their fiction creations, to reveal their shared aesthetic pursuit for naturalness and simplicity, and their differences as well, hence their unique cultural merits in the history of modern Chinese fiction.