东方古代文学中的民族意识

Nationality Awareness in the Ancient Orient Literature

东方古代神话中表达了鲜明的部族意识 ,拥有话语权力部族的神上升为主神 ,异族神则被丑化、恶化 ,从被否定的神身上大都可以看到部族冲突与融合的痕迹。从文类角度看 ,东方古代文学中的民族意识突出表现在颂诗和史传文学中。从区域看 ,西亚古代文学的民族意识最为强烈 ,这是西亚的地理位置、文化渗透和民族型态所决定的。代表西亚古代民族主义思想的是希伯来的《旧约》和波斯文学史上的“舒欧毕思潮”。东方古代文学的民族意识比西方古代文学强烈复杂得多 ,并对近现代东方社会产生了重大的影响。

Tribe awareness is well reflected in the ancient Orient mythology. The god of tribe with the right to address rises to be the main god, whereas the gods of other tribes are smeared and depraved. On the depreciated gods are imprinted the conflict and fusion among different tribes. From the literary point of view, the nationality awareness in the ancient Orient literature is best realized as odes and chronological literature. From the regional point of view, the highest degree of nationality awareness in the ancient literature of west Asia can be attributed to the geographical location, cultural penetration and national configuration. The ancient nationalism in west Asia is represented by the Old Testament in Hebrew and Shu Oubi trend of thought in the Persian literature. The nationality awareness in the ancient Orient literature is more complex than that in the western literature, and has a great impact on the Oriental society at modern and contemporary times.