香港行政法制的启示──香港法治行政的观察和联想

Revelation from Administrative Legal Systems of Hongkong ──A Survey to Administration by law in Hongkong and Some Associations

香港行政法制富有特色：法律在规范和控制政府权力的同时有效地推动和支持着政府管理；特区行政以灵活方式实践法治，既恪守严格法治主义高度尊重社会自由，又克服僵化法治主义积极拓展人权内涵；严谨而宽容的立法将政府权力纳入法制框架内并容忍行政自由；程序法治建立和发展着行政与社会和市民的对等、对话和对抗机制，促进行政民主和公开；别具一格的香港申诉制度特别是申诉专员制度促成的行政合理建立起社会和市民对行政的认可和信任；英美法系式的司法审查制度维系着权力制约原则并在发展法治行政方面具有重要价值。香港行政法制的理念和实践对内地行政法制建设有深刻的启示。

Administrative legal system of Hongkong has its characters: law effectively promotes and supports the administratio of the govornment while it contains and controls the power of the government; administration abides by the rule of law in practice, i. e., sticks to strict legalism and respects social freedom on one hand,and overcomes rigid legalism and develops human rights on the other;tight and tolerate legislation sets the power of government in the frame of legal system and bears administrative discretion; the rule of law in procedure establishes and expands the system of reciprocity,dialog and confrontation between the government and the citizen; the distinctive complaint system,especially the system of the Ombudsman,has developed the rationality of administra- tion,which let society and citizen have confidence in it; like common law system,judicial review maintains the principle of check to power and has important role in the development of administration by law. The ideas of administrative legal system and their practice in Hongkong have deep meaning to the mainland in construction of administrative legal system.