新疆长输管道原油流动性改进剂的应用研究

The Flowability Improver for the Crude Oil in Xinjiang's Long Distance Pipeline.

新疆东部火烧山—北三台输油管道是我国西部一条高粘易凝原油输送管道,自投产以来一直处在超低输量下运行,1992年的输油量只有40万t(设计最小输量68.3万t/a)。由于输油量低,制约了原油外运,直接影响火烧山油田的生产,为了保证输油量,需要改变原油的低温流变性,针对火烧山原油特性,新疆石油局与浙江大学共同研制出EP原油流动性改进剂。通过室内试验及现场不同温度、不同加剂量的工业试验,对原油的主要物性进行了测试。当在管道中加入20ppm流动性改进剂时,在同样剪切速率情况下,剪切应力比原始油样大幅度下降,其流变行为已非常接近牛顿流体(流变行为指数n=1);当加入30ppm和50ppm时,同样有降粘效果,但不如加入20ppm时。大量数据证明了EP系列流动性改进剂对改善新疆原油低温流变性有明显效果,解决了火烧山原油冬季超低输量运行问题。

Huoshaoshan-Beisantai Pipeline in eastern Xinjiang, a pipeline transporting viscous and gelatinous crude oil in western China,has been in operation at extra-low throughput all along since its commissioning. While the minimum design throughput is 683 thousand t/a,the actual throughput of the pipeline was only 400 thousand tons in 1992. Low throughput rate of the pipeline restricted the out delivery of crude oil and influenced directly the production of the Huoshaoshan Oilfield. So,based on the properties of Huoshaoshan's crude oil, the crude oil flowability improver of EP series was developed jointly by Xinjiang Petroleum Administrative Bureau and Zhejiang University for the purpose of improving oil Theological behavior at low temperature. The main physical properties of the oil were obtained through laboratory tests and industrial tests at different temperatures and dosages. With 20 ppm improver,the shear stress of the crude decreases by a large margin,and its Theological behavior is very close to Newtonian fluid (its Theological behavior index being 1). With 30 and 50 ppm improver,the viscosity reduction effect is not so obvious as with 20 ppm improver. The paper proves with graphes and data that the flowability improver produces obvious effect on improving the flowability of the crude oil in Xinjiang,and can realize extra-low throughput operation in winter.