四川省瓦屋山自然保护区小型兽类群落结构的初步研究

Structure of Community of Small Mammals in Wawushan Natural Reserve, Sichuan Province, China

2004年 3-5月,作者用网格式取样捕捉法对瓦屋山自然保护区的小型兽类进行了调查,用最优分割法将区内小型兽类群落分为 5个群落.记录了小型兽类的组成、数量、量度及生境因子特征.根据调查计算小型兽类的密度、多样性、均匀度、优势度、相对重要值等群落特征参数.共记录小型兽类 22种,隶属 3目 8科,各群落的多样性指数为 1. 685, 1. 062, 1. 295, 0. 854, 0. 723.小型兽类丰富度喜好乔木多度 >40%、灌木盖度 >60%、干扰度 >500m,与坡向、坡度等则无明显关系.

During the spring and summer of 2004, two surveys with a total of 25 transects were conducted in Wawushan. Species compositions, numbers, captured frequency of small mammals and habitat factors were recorded. According to these surveys, the density, diversity, evenness, predominance, relative important value and their relationships with habitats were analyzed. In total, 22species, which belong to 13 orders, were recorded. The Shannon-Wiener index (H) is 1.685, 1.062, 1.295, 0. 854, 0. 723 in each community. The results show that the richness of the species correlates positively with the area of shrubs and tall trees, negatively with human disturbance, etc. and has no significant correlation with the sources of water, slope, slope position, etc. It is concluded that C_2 and C_3 are very important for keeping the diversity of small mammals in the reserve.