理想的维护与失落——析儒家的隐处思想

Ideal-Maintaining and Losing——an Analysis of Confucianist Thought of Reclusion

积极入仕与博施济众是儒家的主体精神,儒家士人从来就是政治舞台上的活跃分子。然而,君主心意的莫测,政治风云的不定,又常常令儒家知识分子心寒胆战、无所适从。于是,“用行舍藏”:在无力救世时,他们选择了自救,希望通过在困境中退守,以实现其理想与人格的维护,这不能不说是在苦难的现实中所体现出的一种生存与发展的智慧,但我们也不能忽视其所导致的消极影响。

The chief spirits of the Confucianists were to participate in government and political affairs actively. The Confucian Scholars were always active on the political stage. However, the Monarch’s thought was unfathomable and the politics is constantly changing. The Confucian Scholars were frequently disappointed, terrified and found it hard to adapt to political changes. So, they went forward when the situation allows and stay out of sight when brushed aside. When they realized it was impossible to save the nation, they chose to save themselves. They hoped to maintain their ideal and personality through withdrawing and standing on the defensive. It reflected an intelligence of survival and development in the miserable reality. But we couldn’t ignore the negative effect caused by the thought.