法律行为形式要件的类型分析

The analysis of the important item type of the legal act form

法律行为的形式要件能够影响到法律行为的效力,是法律行为效力的重要因素。笔者针对学界对形式要件类型的不同说法,以历史的视角去分析如何确立法律行为形式要件类型的应然形态,并基于现代民法强调方式自由之宗旨认为:对于法律行为以不要式为原则,以要式为例外;只要当事人的表意行为符合法律行为的其他成立要件,并且其意思表示足以为外界所客观识别,原则上可采取其意欲的任何形式,法律上不加干涉。从而在此基础上确立法律行为形式要件基本类型。

The formality of a promise can influence the effect of a promise and it is an important factor of a promise.This paper argues that we shouldn't use forms as the principle,but use forms just as the exception;when the promise can accord with other formality and be discerned by other people,we shouldn't interfere it by the law.Thus the types of formality of a promise can be established.