二级分销系统的运输与库存控制整合优化研究

Integrating Transportation and Inventory Decisions in a Two-echelon Distribution System

分销系统的运输与库存整合优化是物流配送一体化战略的重要研究课题。本文研究的两级分销库存系统由一个分销中心和N个零售商组成,设两级库存补充均采取周期订货策略,在每个零售商处的客户需求是随机的且服从一定的概率分布。我们的目标是在满足给定的客户服务水平的条件下,寻求该供应链运输和两级库存总费用的最小化。通过对两级库存水平之间及它们与客户随机需求变量之间的关系分析,我们得到了最优的订货策略和最优的运输频率。最后给出了一个算例,根据本文所得到的公式由电子表格容易地获得了两级最优库存水平和运输频率。

This paper considers the two?echelon distribution system containing a single distribution center (DC) and N stores. We assume that the DC and stores perform periodic review and order strategies. We also assume that customer demand at each store is random and follow certain distribution. Our object is to minimize the total cost of transportation and inventory in the supply chain under the restriction of given customer service level. By analyzing the relations of two?echelon inventory level and customer random demand at stores this paper gets optimum order policies. Finally we give an example whose optimum solution can be obtained easily by using spreadsheet.