生物质的热裂解与热解油的精制

Pyrolysis of biomass and refining of pyrolysis oil

生物质能属于可再生能源,其利用符合社会可持续发展的原则。生物质在中等温度下(约500℃)热裂解主要得到热解油。介绍了温度对热裂解过程的影响、热解油——水的二元相图、热裂解过程的机理和热解油的特性,综述了催化剂种类,溶剂等对热解油催化裂解的影响。结果表明,催化剂H-ZSM-5的脱氧效果最好,以四氢萘为溶剂时,精制油的收率大幅提高,达39.4%。

Biomass energy is one of the important renewable energy resources and its utilization is beneficial to the sustainable development of the society. Pyrolysis bio-oil is the main product of the biomass pyrolysis process at intermediate temperatures (ca. 500℃). In this paper, depicted were the influence of temperature on the biomass pyrolysis process, constitution diagram of pyrolysis oil and water, the mechanisms of the biomass pyrolysis process, and the properties of pyrolysis oil. Moreover, the influences of catalyst and solvent on the process of bio-oil catalytic cracking were summarized as well, which indicated that H-ZSM-5 is the best catalyst for catalytic deoxidation, while the yield of refined bio-oil increases to 39.4% with tetralin as a solvent.