深圳地区铜绿假单胞菌医院感染及耐药性

Hospital Infection and Resistance of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Shenzhen:An Analy sis

目的 了解铜绿假单胞菌(PA)引起医院感染的特点以及对抗生素的耐药性的变化趋势.方法 对2 0 0 1～2 0 0 3年分离出的317株铜绿假单胞菌选用12种抗生素进行药敏实验,按NCCLS标准判断.结果 该菌主要来源于痰液和咽拭子(6 5 % ) ,主要分布在呼吸科(12 % )、脑外科(12 % )、ICU(10 % )、新生儿科(9% )、呼吸科ICU(7% )、老年病科(7% ) . 2 0 0 1年～2 0 0 3年铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星耐药率呈上升趋势,2 0 0 1年～2 0 0 2年对头孢噻肟耐药呈直线上升,2 0 0 3年稍有下降. 2 0 0 1年～2 0 0 3年对哌拉西林(PIP)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(TZP)、庆大霉素(GEN)、阿米卡星(AMK)、头孢吡肟(FEP)、氨曲南(ATM)、头孢他啶(CAZ)耐药率呈下降趋势. 2 0 0 1年～2 0 0 2年对亚胺培南(IPM)、美罗培南(MEM)耐药率呈显著下降趋势,2 0 0 2年～2 0 0 3年稍有上升.对头孢曲松(CRO)耐药率相对稳定.结论 了解铜绿假单胞菌的耐药现状,有利于为临床合理用药提供依据.

Objective To explore the trendon hospital infection lea ded by pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) and the resistance to antibiotics of PA. Methods Drug-resistance test was performed on 317 strains of PA by using 12 kinds of ordinary antibiotics with drug sensitive experiment based on the standard of the NCCLS from 2001 to 2003. Results Sputu m fluid and pharyax mop(65%)were the main origin of pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) ,The main distribution was breathing department(12%)?Brain surgical departme nt(12%)?ICU(10%)?Newly born paediatrics(9%)?RICU(7%)?Old age the illness department(7%).The drug-resistance rate of Ciprofloxacin(CIP) appeared increa sing tendency from 2001to 2003.The drug-resistance rate of Cefotaxime(CTX) appea red increasing sharply tendency from 2001 to 2002 and decrea sing slightly tendency from 2002 to 2003.The drug-resistance rate of Piperacilli n(PIP)?Cefepime(FEP)?Gentamicin(GEN)?Piperacillin/tazobacta(TZP)?Amikacin(A MK)?Aztreonam(ATM)and Ceftazidime(CAZ) appeared decreasing tendency from 2001 to 2003. The drug-resistance rate of Imipenem(IPM) and Meropenem(MEM) appeared d ecreasing sharply tendency from 2001 to 2002 and increasing slightly tendency fr om 2002 to 2003.The drug-resistance rate of Ceftriaxone(CRO) appeared stable. Conclusions The status of resistance of PA must be investigat ed,in order to provide evidence for clinical rational drug utilization.