试析中国现行保障措施立法

Analysis of the Legislation of Present Safeguard in China

保障措施是国际贸易中进口国为了保护本国产业而针对进口产品的增加所采取的临时性、紧急性措施,它既是进口国经济上的一个安全阀,也是平衡自由贸易所造成的事实上不公平的一个杠杆。与WTO保障措施规则基本一致的中国《外贸法》的相关条款、《保障措施条例》和相关的中央政府部门规章虽然就保障措施的原则、启动条件和实施程序作出了明确规定,但在执掌机构的设置和实施条件方面应进一步作出科学规定,而对伴随保障措施援用的产业结构调整要求亦当强化。

Safeguard in international trade is provisional and emergent measures to prevent national industry from damage by foreign products. It is a safety valve and a lever to balance free trade and national security in the field of economy. China has established the safeguard mechanism in accord with the requirements of WTO laws. The mechanism includes pre-requirements, procedures and organs to initiate safeguard investigation. Some of the rules in the mechanism should be improved to make the mechanism more effective.