论第二次世界大战前罗马尼亚的平衡外交

On Romania's Diplomacy of Balance before the Outbreak of the Second World War

慕尼黑会议之后,德国在中东欧占据了优势,英法在对德绥靖走到尽头后,逐步趋向对德遏制,并试图在东欧组建反德阵线。在两大集团争夺东欧的情况下,罗马尼亚推行在所有大国间保持平衡的政策。一方面,罗马尼亚与德国签订经济协定,以经济上的让步减轻德国对它的压力,并谋求从政治上得到相应的回报;另一方面,寻求英法的政治保障,加强自身的安全,但同时拒绝加入英法匆忙组建的反德阵线,使自己置身于冲突之外,期待出现有利于自己的时机。

Germany gained predominance in Central and East Europe after Munich Conference. Britain and France tended to contain Germany gradually when the appeasement policy failed to work and they tried to establish anti-Germany front. Under the circumstance that the two groups contested for East Europe with each other, Romania attempted to pursue the policy of balance among all these powers. On the one hand, Romania signed economic agreement with Germany in order to ease the German pressure and managed to get relevant political repayment. On the other hand, Romania seeked for political protection from Britain and France so as to strengthen its security. However, Romania refused to join in the anti-Germany front. Romania wanted to keep out of the conflict looking forward to the favorable situation to itself.