基于改进遗传算法的微波吸收材料优化设计

Optimum Design of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Modified Genetic Algorithms

针对标准遗传算法也称简单遗传算法(Simple genetic algorithm,SGA)在宽频带高吸收微波吸收材料优化过程中收敛速度十分缓慢且非全局收敛的不足,应用新的选择策略,并引入收敛因子和进程因子对种群进化的交叉概率和变异概率进行自适应调节,用Visual C+ + 语言编写了可自适应调节参数的改进遗传算法的微波吸收材料优化设计软件,通过枚举法验证算法是全局收敛的。应用该软件对现有微波吸收材料电磁参数库进行微波吸收材料结构优化。结果表明:应用两层微波吸收材料,内层材料0 .9mm,外层材料2 .7mm,总厚度3 .6mm,即可实现在8～1 8GHz全频段内反射率小于-1 5 d B。

In order to solve the problems of the slow convergent speed and non-global convergence of the canonical genetic algorithm called the simple genetic algorithm in the optimal procedure for broadband microwave absorbing materials with high absorptivity, a new modified genetic algorithm is presented. With the novel selection strategy, convergence and proceeding operators can enhance global searching ability and quicken convergent speed of the canonical genetic algorithm. The new algorithm can adaptively adjust the probabilities of crossover and mutation. Optimum design software of microwave absorbing materials based on modified genetic algorithm can adaptively adjust its parameters and it is programmed using Visual C ++Language. The algorithm is proved to be global convergence by an enumeration method. Structure optimization of microwave absorbing materials is performed based on existing database of electromagnetic parameters for microwave absorbing materials. Result indicates that the absorber with two layers (inner layer′s thickness is 0 9 mm, outer layer′s is 2 7 mm and total thickness is 3 6 mm) can be obtained. Its reflectivity is lower than -15 dB among 8～18 GHz.