盐胁迫对油葵种子萌发和幼苗生长及离子吸收、分布的效应

Effects of salt stress on emergence, growth, ionic absorption and distribution of oil sunflower seedlings

研究了100~300mmol/LNaCl胁迫对油葵种子萌发、幼苗生长及其离子吸收、分布的效应。结果表明,油葵在种子萌发出苗阶段表现较强的耐盐性。100~300mmol/LNaCl胁迫对油葵萌发的影响主要表现为推迟出苗、不影响出苗率。但100~300mmol/LNaCl处理均显著抑制幼苗生长,干物质积累速率下降。Na+主要积累在茎秆、根部,叶片中较少。Cl-主要积累于茎秆和叶柄,叶片和根系中较少。盐胁迫下叶片、叶柄中K+含量显著增加,根系吸收SK,Na、叶柄和叶片运输TSK,Na均显著上升,表明油葵在离子吸收和向上运输过程中,对K+具有较强的选择性,这是油葵具有较强耐盐性的主要原因。

Effects of salt stress with 100~300mmol/L NaCl concentrations on the emergence, growth and ionic distribution of oil sunflower seedlings were studied. Results showed that oil sunflower was highly tolerant to salt during seedling emergence. Different concentrations of NaCl (100~300mmol/L) didn’t decrease seedling emergence, but delayed seedling emergence. 100~300mmol/L NaCl inhibited remarkablely seedling growth and decreased dry matter accumulation rate. Na^+ was mainly accumulated in the stem and root of the seedlings, with little in the leaves. Cl^- was mainly distributed in stem and petiole, with lower content in the leaves and root. K^+ content in the leaves and petiole increased remarkably after exposion to salinity. Both absorption of S_(K,Na) in root and transportation of S_(K,Na) in the leaves and petiole were promoted remarkably. This suggested the high selectivity of K^+ in oil sunflower during the course of ion absorption and transportion. These were main reasons for the high salt-tolerance of oil sunflower.