钢铁材料表面自身纳米晶化及其应用前景

Current Status and Prospects of Surface Self-Nanocrystallization for Iron and Steel

实现钢铁材料表面自身纳米晶化的主要方法有超声喷丸、高能喷丸和机械研磨处理等。大塑性变形诱发晶粒碎化和应变诱导相变是钢铁表面自身形成纳米晶的主要机制。表面自身纳米晶化能够显著提高钢铁材料的表面强度、硬度、耐磨和耐疲劳性能,在化学热处理和电化学防护方面展示了广阔的应用前景。

Three methods of surface self-nanocrystallization for iron and steel are ultrasonic shot peening, high energy shot peening and surface mechanical attrition treatment. Severe plastic deformation-induced grain refinement and strain-induced phase transformation are two proper mechanisms by which nano-surface forms during shot peening. The properties including hardness, strength and wear-resistance of iron and steel after surface self-nanocrystallization can be improved. The application prospects of this technique are very bright.