不同专用小麦胚乳细胞淀粉体的比较研究

A comparison study on the amyloplasts of endosperm cells in the different and special wheat

以两种不同优质专用小麦(扬麦9号,烟2801)为研究对象,用电子扫描显微镜观察成熟籽粒结构,分析胚乳细胞淀粉体的差异。结果表明:两个品种的胚乳细胞淀粉体均为单粒淀粉,淀粉体形状可分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3种类型,Ⅰ型为饼形大淀粉体,Ⅱ型为椭圆形中型淀粉体,Ⅲ型为近圆球形小淀粉体,大淀粉体通过网状膜与小淀粉体相连;两品种颖果的腹部和背部以Ⅰ、Ⅱ型淀粉体较多且排列紧密,发育较好,而中部以Ⅰ、Ⅲ型淀粉体为主且排列疏松,发育较差;烟2801胚乳细胞淀粉体发育较好,淀粉充实度高,蛋白质体多且与淀粉体结合更紧密。

The ripe kernel structure of different wheat varieties was observed and compared each other with scanning electron microscope. The main results were as followings : The amyloplasts in endosperm of two wheat varieties were single starch granules; According to the size axis of amyloplasts all amyloplasts were mainly divided into three types: Ⅰ , Ⅱ,Ⅲ. Type Ⅰ was a kind of big amyloplast with cake shape, type Ⅱ was a kind of middle amyloplast with ellipsoid shape and type Ⅲ was a kind of small amyloplast with near ball shape, Furthermore, big amyloplasts were connected with small amyloplasts by reticulated membranes; Most type Ⅰ and Ⅱ amyloplasts are distributed in abdomen and dor-sum of endosperm and are developed well while most type Ⅰ and Ⅲ were distributed in center and were developed bad, The amyloplasts in endosperm in Yan2801 were well developed and filled and the amount of the matrix protein in Yan2801 was high. Furthermore, the combined case of the matrix protein and starch grain was much closer