天然次生林三种不同生境刺五加丁香苷和总黄酮含量的研究

Study on the content of syringin and total flavonoids of different parts of Acanthopanax senticosus in three different habitats

采用高效液相和分光光度的方法对天然次生林林内、林隙和林缘三种不同生境下刺五加(Acanthopanax senticosus)主要次生代谢产物丁香苷和总黄酮的含量差异进行了研究.结果表明:不同生境条件下,刺五加不同部位丁香苷的含量不同.生境的变化对枝中丁香苷的含量影响最大,林内生境枝中丁香苷的含量最低,林隙生境较高,林缘生境最高.而茎基部丁香苷的含量规律为林内生境最高,林隙生境次之,林缘生境最低.三种不同生境中根和根茎丁香苷含量的变化没有明显的规律性.刺五加全株均含有黄酮类物质,其中叶和花中黄酮的含量较高.其总黄酮含量受环境的影响较大,在林内生境,刺五加叶、花和果中总黄酮的含量最低,林隙生境有所提高,而林缘生境中含量最高.叶片总黄酮含量与叶面积指数呈负相关,叶面积指数越大,叶片中总黄酮的含量越低.对于刺五加的枝、茎干、根和根茎而言,1～3年枝总黄酮在各个生境之间没有显著的差异;而茎干中总黄酮的含量表现为林内生境显著的高于林隙生境和林缘生境,后两者没有明显的差异;与茎干不同,林内生境根和根茎中总黄酮的含量最低,林隙和林缘的较高.

In this paper, HPLC and spectrophotometry were applied respectively to study the contents of the syringin and total flavonoid, the two important secondary metobolites of Acanthopanax senticosus in three different habitats. The results as follow: The content of syringin in the different parts of A. senticosus varies according to the changes of habitats. The content of syringin of 1~3 year branches in the forest edge habitats is the highest, and then the forest gap habitats, but in the understory of the forest, the content is the lowest. In the contrary with the branches, the content of syringin in the basal stems is the highest in the understory habitats, and then the forest gap, but for the forest edge habitats, it is the lowest. The syringin content of the roots and rhizomes shows no distinctrule. All parts of A. senticosus contain flavonoids. The contents of total flavonoids of the leaves, flowers and young fruits are different in the three habitats. In the forest edge, the content of total flavonoid is the highest, and then the forest gap, but in the understory of the forest, the content is the lowest. The contents of the total flavonoid in the branches, stems, roots and rhizomes also vary with the changes of the habitats. There is no significantly difference of the total flavonoids in the 1~3 year branches between the three habitats. The content of total flavonoid in the stems of A. senticosus in the understory is higher than that in the forest gap and forest edge. But for the roots and rhizomes, the contents of total flavonoid, showing a contrary condition, is lower in the understory.