四种毒蘑菇菌株及其毒素对杨树烂皮病菌生长的抑制作用

Inhibiting effects of 4 toxic mushroom strains and their toxin on Cytospora chrysosperma(Pers.)Fr.

该文研究了鳞柄白鹅膏、毒蝇鹅膏菌、细鳞环柄菇及绒白乳菇 4种毒蘑菇菌株及毒素对杨树烂皮病菌菌丝生长及孢子萌发的影响 ,结果表明 :鳞柄白鹅膏和细鳞环柄菇对杨树烂皮病菌有一定的拮抗作用 .鳞柄白鹅膏拮抗效果最好 ,在室内对峙培养试验中 ,杨树烂皮病菌菌株对鳞柄白鹅膏菌株的生长不但没有抑制作用 ,反而促进其生长 ,促生长效果在 74h达最高 ,而此时杨树烂皮病菌菌株被鳞柄白鹅膏菌株的抑制也达最高 ;绒白乳菇菌株对杨树烂皮病菌菌株的生长不但没有拮抗作用 ,反而促进其生长 .4个毒蘑菇菌株的毒素粗提液对病原菌株菌丝生长抑制率均达 10 0 % ,对孢子萌发的抑制率为 93 36 %～ 97 2 9% .

The inhibiting effects of 4 toxic mushroom strains(Amanita virosa Lamb. ex Secr.,Amanita muscaria(L. ex Fr.)Pers. ex Hook.,Lepiota clypeolaria(Bull. ex Fr.)Quil.,Lactarius vellereus(Fr.)Fr.) and their toxin on Cytospora chrysosperma(Pers.)Fr. were studied. The results show that the strains A. virosa and L. clypeolaria have inhibiting effects on the growth of C. chrysosperma, and the inhibiting effect of the former strains is better. In the antagonistic indoor experiment, C. chrysosperma had no inhibiting effect on the growth of A. virosa, but had growth-promoting effect instead. The growth-promoting effect is the highest at the 74th hour, at the same time the inhibiting rate of A. virosa to C. chrysosperma is the highest too. L. vellereus has no inhibiting effect, but has a growth-promoting effect on C. chrysosperma. The inhibiting rates of crude toxin extracts of 4 toxic mushroom strains to the growth of C. chrysosperma mycelium are all 100, and those to spore sprouting are 93.36--97.29.