小儿支气管异物冠状面CT诊断

Diagnosis of Bronchus Foreign Body in Children by Using Coronal CT Scanning

目的:探讨小儿支气管异物的冠状面CT扫描特征。方法:22例患者进行冠状面CT扫描,6 例同时加轴扫。所有患者在CT扫描后进行支气管镜检查。将CT扫描结果和纤支镜结果进行对比分析。结果:CT冠扫诊断气管支气管异物17例,支气管肿瘤2例,另3例未见异常。纤支镜诊断异物14例,支气管肿瘤2例,痰栓1例,另5例未见明显异常。气管支气管异物的冠状面CT表现为支气管腔内高密度影(17/22),异物边缘呈线样异常密度(15/17),纵隔及膈肌“双边征”(21/22)。结论:小儿支气管异物在冠状面CT扫描上有较为特征性表现。冠状面CT扫描能部分了解小儿大气道梗阻原因,对支气管异物和支气管肿瘤鉴别诊断有重要意义。

Objective:To discuss the appearances of bronchus foreign body in children by CT coronal scan.Methods:22 cases coronal scans and 6 additional axial scans were performed.All patients were examed with bronchoscopy after CT scan. Results:There were 17 cases of bronchus foreign body and 2 tumors demonstrated by CT coronal scan in 22 cases.There were 14 cases of bronchus foreign body and 2 cases tumor and 1 case sputum-thrombus demonstrated by bronchoscopy.The CT signs were:high density shadows in the lumen (17/22),abnormal linear shodow of the foreign body margin (15/17) and double margin sign of diaphragm and mediastinum (21/22).Conclusion:CT coronal scan can help diagnosis with high accuracy in the cause of bronchus obstructiom of children and provide valuable information of differential diagnosis.