兔关节软骨缺损修复的实验研究

EXPERIMENT STUDY OF REPAIR OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DEFECTS IN RABBITS

目的 观察自制猪耳廓的脱细胞软骨基质 (ExtracellularCartilageMatrixECM )复合自体软骨细胞对兔膝关节软骨 5mm的缺损的修复作用。方法 新西兰大白兔 6 0只 ,随机分为 3组 ,均制备股骨下端滑车处直径为 5mm、深 4mm的软骨缺损。实验组 (A组 ) :用自制ECM复合自体培养的软骨细胞修复兔关节软骨缺损 ,实验组 (B组 ) :单纯自制ECM修复兔关节软骨缺损 ,于 4、8、12、2 4周后分别与空白对照组 (C组 )相比较 ,通过大体形态学观察、组织学检查、胶原含量的测定 ,观察ECM修复软骨缺损的能力。结果 第 12、2 4周时 ,A组修复效果最好 ,修复组织填充于软骨缺损处 ,与正常组织连接紧密 ,分界较为平滑 ;B组修复效果次之 ;C组最差 ,各阶段缺损少量的新生软骨 ,修复组织多为纤维组织。结论 自制的ECM与自体软骨细胞复合具有较强的软骨生成能力 ,可作为异体软骨移植的一种替代物。

Objective To observe the effects of the articular cartilage defects in rabbits by self-designed allogenic ECM combined with chondrocytes.And to verify feasibility of the ECM as tissue engineering grafts.Methods Sixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups.All rabbits were made of femur trochlea cartilage defect of diameter of 5mm and thinkness of 4mm.The grafts combined with autologous chondrocytes were implanted into the damaged articular cartilage in rabbits as group A.The grafts without autologous chondrocytes were implanted into the cartilage defects as group B.The cartilage defects in group C were as control.Speciments were harvested at the end 4,8,12 and 24 week after implantation and histologically examination.Results After implantation,it was tightly to the repaired tissues connected with the normal cartilaginous tissue in group A.The neo-cartlage was parallelly filled and similar to the surrounding cartilage; The margins of the defects were more clear in group B than that in group A.while the defect was filled with little fibrous tissue in group C at the same time,the defect of articular cartilage was not repaired by cartilage tissue at every stage.Conclusion The self-designed allogenic ECM combined with or without condrocytes,might promote repair articular cartilage and restore its structure and function.